Natural ways to unclog a stuffy nose

 

Home remedies such as steam inhalation and eating hot soups can help with the stuffiness one experiences when having the common cold.

It begins with a sore or itchy throat, a mild headache, constant sneezing, achy joints and muscles, and a feeling of being unwell. Before you know it, you have a cold and just as annoying as a runny nose is a stuffy one, because it makes your head feel heavy and breathing difficult.

“While most people think it is due to an excess production of mucus, a blocked nose, or nasal congestion, is your immune system’s response to the presence of the cold virus in your nasal lining,” according to Paulo Angelo D.C. Catindig, MD, an otorhinolaryngologist of top hospital in the Philippines, Makati Medical Center (MakatiMed).

“As the immune system releases white blood cells to fight the infection, the blood vessels in your nasal passages become inflamed and swell. This narrows the airways, leaving little room for air and mucus to pass through. This results in the stuffiness you experience.”

A common cold lasts between 7 and 10 days; till then, there is no need to suffer through the stuffiness. “Nonprescription decongestants (in pill, syrup, and nasal spray form) work by shrinking swollen vessels in your nasal passages,” says the MakatiMed doctor. “Look for ingredients like phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine but take them only as prescribed in the package or by your doctor.”

A number of home remedies have also been known to help clear clogged nasal passages and make you breathe better:

Nasal inhalers, like the popular Hong Thai and Vicks, combine ingredients like camphor, menthol, and natural herbs that provide a refreshingly cool sensation when inhaled through each nostril. “It does not unclog the nose but rather gives a quick, temporary relief from the stuffiness,” explains Dr. Catindig.

Steam inhalation involves pouring boiled water into a large bowl, placing the bowl on a steady, flat surface, and leaning over the bowl while draping a large towel or blanket over the back of your head to trap the rising moisture. “Keep your eyes closed and your face about 12 inches away from the boiling water,” advises Dr. Catindig. “Inhale slowly through your nose. The steam softens and loosens thick, trapped mucus, allowing you to breathe better.” Again, this does not cure the underlying cause of your cold, but it does relieve you of the congestion, albeit temporarily.

Food is also an effective way to address nasal congestion. “Hot soups and broths soothe a sore throat, and the steam can unclog a stuffy nose,” points out Dr. Catindig. “Add a bit of spice to the soup, as they help thin mucus, lessen nasal swelling, and stimulate sinus drainage.” The steam from hot tea has the same effect; choose flavors with peppermint and ginger, which act as a natural decongestant.

Getting adequate rest can hasten recovery from a cold and the stuffy feeling that comes with it. “Remember, this is just temporary,” says Dr. Catindig. “With these home remedies and a few days at home, you will be breathing better in no time. See your doctor if your cold does not improve after 10 days and if it comes with symptoms like a fever, a persistent sore throat, pain in the ear, and difficulty breathing.”

For more information, please contact MakatiMed On-Call at +632.88888 999, email mmc@makatimed.net.ph, or visit www.makatimed.net.ph. Follow @IamMakatiMed on Facebook and Twitter.

‘Tis the season for manipeds, but don’t forget what’s beneath the polish

 

With the holiday season fast approaching, salons are getting booked and busy with people glamming up for all the year-end parties and reunions. A glamorous look is incomplete without the magic of perfectly manicured fingers and toes.

Beyond French tips and glossy colors, a mani-pedi session has evolved into a form of art and self-expression. Intricate and elaborate nail art now use gel polish, dip powder, acrylic extensions, as well as studded and magnetic designs, which include whimsical fruit and beach designs in playful jelly-like 3D art, Met Gala- approved metallic nails with chrome accents, or even fool-proof dainty gemstone flowers. Sky’s the limit these days!

Nail art may be a great way to elevate a look, but it is important to keep your nails healthy. Top hospital in the Philippines Makati Medical Center (MakatiMed) reminds that playing with colors and embellishments shouldn’t get in the way of taking care of your actual nails.

“What may look pretty on the surface may be covering an entirely different story underneath. Our nails can provide us with clues and hints about our health as a whole,” explains dermatologist Sharon Osmena Lim, MD, FPDS, DPSV. “Keep an eye out as changes in nail color, its texture, shape, and even its strength. These can point to underlying medical conditions such as nutritional deficiencies, infections, and possibly even cancer, which will definitely require further attention.”

A healthy nail usually feels smooth, strong, and is uniformly pink with white tips. Dr. Lim underscores that unusual changes in the nails should not be overlooked.

When nails feel brittle or break easily, this may be linked to many causes which can include poor nutrition, fad diets, decreased circulation, or trauma from excessive manipulation during a mani-pedi session.

Brittle, discolored nails can also be the result of harmful exposure to chemicals or even excessive chemicals in nail polish and cuticle removers, excessive removal of the nail itself, traumatic removal of ingrown nails, as well as excessive removal of the cuticle meant to protect the nails.

Unsightly discolored or yellowish nails may be caused by nail polish stain, but it can also signal a fungal infection. Moreover, horizontal ridges across the nails, known as Beau’s lines, may stem from an illness or injury. In addition, dents or pits on the surface of the nail may also be linked to skin problems including psoriasis.

“Discoloration, changes in color or thickness, swelling of the finger or toe, separation of the nail from the nail bed, and pain require medical evaluation, especially if the condition worsens over time or does not resolve on their own. This is particularly crucial for individuals diagnosed with systemic diseases like diabetes, kidney disease and other conditions that may affect wound healing,” Dr. Lim adds.

Dr. Lim also notes that such changes may also be related to other illnesses such as anemia, thyroid problems, and issues with circulation. “While we cannot diagnose a health issue just by basing it on the changes in one’s nail appearance, it can serve as a starting point for further assessment by a medical professional.”

Regular manicures with gel nails and nail art can also affect nail health, the MakatiMed doctor stresses. This is primarily due to the cocktail of chemicals in nail products, the nail’s exposure to the UV curing lamps, and the application and removal processes of the extensions and gems that can weaken the natural nail plate over time.

Some tips for nail health

Dr. Lim underlines that taking care of your nails should go beyond the regular sessions you have with your go-to nail technician. It is important to maintain proper hygiene and habits to keep your nails strong and healthy, especially if you love wearing nail art designs.

“Make sure that our nails are always kept clean and dry to avoid bacteria and fungi from growing, as they thrive in moist environments. A good practice is to use a non-fragrant, mild cleanser and to always dry our hands after being exposed to water or chemicals,” Dr. Lim states. “Avoid frequent hand-washing and nail- biting and picking, as well as using your nails as tools like opening hard containers. When handling chemicals, wear gloves as a precautionary measure.”

Finally, Dr. Lim strongly advises going bare. “Give your nails a break from all the buffing and chemical and UV exposure. Allotting recovery time after treatments can reduce risks of long-term damage that may be harder to reverse – or worse, cause permanent damage.”

For more information, please contact MakatiMed On-Call at +632.88888 999, email mmc@makatimed.net.ph, or visit www.makatimed.net.ph. Follow @IamMakatiMed on Facebook and Twitter.

Saving someone’s life involves seeing the signs and triggers according to MakatiMed

The challenge for anyone who knows of a friend or loved one thinking of taking their life is to be aware of their triggers and stressors, and observant of out-of-the-ordinary behavior.

 

The loss of the will to live, withdrawing from family and friends, a lack of interest even in activities and things that once sparked joy, and sleeping too much or too little are the classic symptoms of a person who may be courting suicidal thoughts. And yet, as beloved celebrities like chef Anthony Bourdain, comedian Robin Williams, and others who have taken their own lives have shown us, a happy and successful exterior can mask struggles with hopelessness and despair.

While suicide rates in the Philippines are lower than global statistics (an estimate 3.2 to 3.5 deaths per 100,000 Filipinos are by suicide, according to the Department of Health), they remain a serious cause for concern. Thirty percent of suicide cases are by individuals between the ages of 15 and 24, men are four times more likely to commit suicide than women, and whether they push through with it or not, 1 in 5 youths have seriously thought of ending their lives.

What would drive someone to resort to such an irreversible and permanent act? “Mental illness or personality disorder affect a person’s ability to make sound judgement,” says Carmina Charmaine G. Bernardo, MD, FPPA, FPCPsych, a psychiatrist and Head of the Mood and Anxiety Resource and Referral Center (MARRC), Institute of Neuroscience, from top hospital in the Philippines, Makati Medical Center (MakatiMed).

“But so can a traumatic life event like a bad breakup, death in the family, physical or emotional abuse, financial loss, or a ruined career. A person dealing with a painful illness or terminal disease may decide to end their suffering prematurely. Intense feelings of worthlessness, loneliness, and being a burden to others have also pushed people to take their own lives.”

“In other words, certain triggers or stressors compel people to take action and free themselves from what they perceive to be unbearable and unending physical or emotional pain.”

The challenge for anyone who knows of a friend or loved one thinking of taking their life is to be aware of their triggers and stressors, and observant of out-of-the-ordinary behavior.

“Of course, this is not always easy, as a person thinking of committing suicide can pretend that all is well so as not to arouse suspicion,” explains Dr. Bernardo. “Some even appear suddenly calm and happy after experiencing severe depression. This could mean that they are resolved with their decision to end their life.”

Looking out for a friend or family member with suicidal thoughts is a huge responsibility. Still, if you can prevent them from pushing through with it, you could actually save a life—and that is no mean feat.

Dr. Bernardo cites common triggers and warning signs:

Specific dates and occasions.

Everybody gets a case of the birthday blues: Maybe the special day reminds us that we are getting older or have no one significant to celebrate it with. “Birthdays, anniversaries, and special holidays can be sensitive times for suicidals,” reveals Dr. Bernardo. “In fact, an international team of researchers discovered that Monday has the highest risk of suicide mortality, as does New Year’s Day. Call a friend or loved one to check on how they’re doing or make

Reckless behavior.

Does your friend or family member drink too much, drive too fast, not watch where they are going, miss doctor appointments, or skip prescription medication? “A lack of regard for their safety, health, and well-being can mean they no longer value their life,” shares Dr. Bernardo. “Offer to accompany them to their appointments or drive them home when they are under the influence.”

Seeing people.

While suicidals tend to withdraw from the world, others will go out of their way to seek out certain friends or relatives. Perhaps they will forgive someone—or ask someone for their forgiveness. “It is likely a form of closure before they end things,” says Dr. Bernardo. Giving away prized possessions is another sign of “saying goodbye” by offering something to remember them by. “Simply accept the token and assure the person that it will be in your safekeeping for now. It’s a subtle way of saying you will give it back when things get better.”

Talking about suicide is never easy, both for the person contemplating it and the one who speculates a loved one is strongly considering taking their life.

“But it has to be done,” says Dr. Bernardo. “Ask them pointblank gently and coming from a place of concern and sincerity. And be prepared to listen—not judge, scold, or dismiss their feelings. Let them talk and express themselves as much as they want. Sometimes, venting provides them with much-needed relief from negative thoughts.”

For the emotionally vulnerable, knowing that someone genuinely cares for them and wants to help them get out of their black hole can be enough reason to live. “Offer hope and the prospect of better things ahead if they just give themselves and others a chance,” says Dr. Bernardo.

Most importantly, evaluate if a suicidal friend or family member is in immediate danger. Those at the highest risk already have a specific suicide plan, the means to carry out the plan, the time set, and an intention.

“If an attempt is imminent, make sure they don’t have access to lethal objects that they can use to harm themselves like drugs, guns, or knives. And never ever leave a suicidal person alone,” stresses Dr. Bernardo. “The best that you can do is to call emergency services or bring the person to the nearest hospital where they can get the necessary professional help.

For more information, please contact MakatiMed On-Call at +632.88888 999, email mmc@makatimed.net.ph, or visit www.makatimed.net.ph. Follow @IamMakatiMed on Facebook and Twitter.

MakatiMed cites three red flags and six ways to monitor your child's gaming behavior

 

While it is easy to assume that a child is violent due to his gaming addiction violence is multisystemic and a very complex issue.

Until the horrific shooting at San Jose National High School in Tacloban, Leyte last June 22, where three students were killed and 20 injured from gunfire allegedly inflicted by two students aged 14 and 15, few people had heard of the name GoreBox.

Described as a “chaotic, physics-driven sandbox game where creativity meets unrestrained destruction,” the online game was said to be a favorite pastime of the 14-year-old perpetrator.

As the investigation continues, the 14-year-old has been placed under a mandatory intervention program of the Department of Social Welfare and Development and his 15-year-old companion has been criminally charged. As for GoreBox? It was temporarily banned by the Cybercrime Investigation and Coordinating Center.

Does taking away GoreBox and other similar online games mean the end of gaming-related violence? Not quite, says Paul Lawrence Filomeno, MD, a board-certified Pediatrician from the top hospital in the Philippines Makati Medical Center (MakatiMed) and a Specialist in Addiction and Recovery Medicine with a focus on screen gaming and digital behavioral addictions in children and adolescents.

Multisystemic, complex issue

“Gaming violence is a violent behavior that can be triggered by some factors,” explains Dr. Filomeno. “That is partly because the game has different dynamics and dimensions that push the child towards violence. But violence can only be done or committed by an accumulation of multiple risk factors. We look at their environment at home, at school, social pressures, history of bullying, and cultural and familiar norms about violence. If they live in an environment where violence is also normalized, then it is easier for them to be influenced, to be violent as well in real life.”

“To blame the game itself would be lacking,” he declares. “It is multisystemic, and a very complex issue.” Indeed. While it is easy to assume a child has a gaming addiction and violent tendencies because he spends most of his waking hours immersed in combat and hack-and-slash games, it is not always the case.

“There are those who game for five hours, but can bounce back to real life,” says the MakatiMed doctor. “Then there are gamers who only play for two hours, but the stimulating game has a huge effect on their behavior. They cannot stop thinking about the game, and there are sacrifices involved in terms of their academic and social relationships.”

Red flags

What then are the signs of a child with a gaming disorder? Dr. Filomeno, the first Filipino pediatrician to complete a formal Subspecialty in Addiction Medicine from the University of the Philippines’ Philippine General Hospital, enumerates three red flags:

Loss of control.

They attempt to play for one hour. Five hours later, they are still at it. And it is not only that they can’t stop, but they also prioritize playing over real-world commitments like doing their homework, turning in a project, or keeping their room clean.

Functional impairment. 

This is when gaming reaches a point where it interferes with eating, sleeping, school, hygiene, hobbies, and relationships with family and friends.

Difficulty in stopping. 

Failing grades, cutting class, and giving up their allowance and personal belongings just so they can play is truly troubling behavior.

Multidisciplinary approach

Gaming disorder is treated through a multidisciplinary approach that involves the expertise of Guidance Counselors, Pediatricians, Child Psychologists, and Addiction Specialists. Still, Dr. Filomeno believes that family is the first component of the healthcare team. “Ninety percent of the effort is delegated to the family,” he highlights.

In fact, it is family that can help steer a youngster with a gaming disorder back on track. “No intervention is effective if the parents aren’t modeling [good behavior],” Dr. Filomeno says. “So, if you want your child to sleep early, they need to see an adult who sleeps early as well.” The same rule applies to gadgets. Do you want your child to stop gaming? Put down your phone or tablet.

6S

For parents to observe how gaming is impacting their kids, Dr. Filomeno cites six S: “The first S that they need to monitor is sleep. Sleep is a marker of a possibility that you need to protect the child if his gaming is affecting his sleep. Second, as a parent, you need to protect their safety. Do you have measures to verify that your child is not talking to strangers when he games? The third S is self-regulation. Does my child turn to gaming when he is sad? What behavior does he manifest when I ask him to reduce his screen time?”

In the fourth S or school, academic performance can be a gauge of gaming’s influence. Have their grades dropped or improved since your intervention? The fifth S is social connection. “A very important milestone in childhood,” reminds Dr. Filomeno. “Does your child know how to interact with people?” The sixth and most important S is security.

Are you on top of things when your child is online?

Remember, change does not happen overnight. It will occur in increments and may even fall back to old patterns. But with your patience, participation, and love, you can regulate your youngster’s gaming habits to a safe and satisfying level.

“The outcomes of gaming disorder are measured by small steps,” avers Dr. Filomeno. “If he reduces his gaming from 8 hours to 7 hours, that’s already a big win. Small steps are still better than setting impossible expectations.”

For more information, please contact MakatiMed On-Call at +632.88888 999, email mmc@makatimed.net.ph, or visit www.makatimed.net.ph. Follow @IamMakatiMed on Facebook and Twitter.

The Hidden Dangers of Using Colored Eye Contacts

 

If contact lenses are purchased without an eye health specialist, the user wouldn't receive hygiene and safety instructions, including the warning signs that require urgent medical attention.

Cosmetic colored contact lenses have become a beauty staple, popular among teens and young adults — even those who have no vision problems and no need for corrective lenses whatsoever. They promise a striking new look, an instant transformation that is as easy as a trip to the nearest beauty store or a few clicks online.

But behind the appeal lies a medical reality that eye care professionals at top hospital in the Philippines Makati Medical Center (MakatiMed) want every patient to understand, cosmetic contact lenses can put your eyes at serious risk.

Any pair of contact lenses is, above all, a medical device. When prescribed to help correct a refractive error such as nearsightedness or astigmatism, a trained eye care professional evaluates the patient’s eye health, fits the lens precisely to the cornea’s dimensions, and provides detailed safety guidance. It’s a carefully managed risk which experts take because of the potential benefit of improved vision.

None of that applies when it comes to a person with healthy eyes who uses colored lenses purely for cosmetic effect.

“If your eyes are healthy and you have no refractive error, putting in a contact lens introduces an unnecessary foreign body onto your cornea. You are accepting all the risks of contact lens wear with absolutely none of the clinical benefit,” explains Mary Ellen Sy, MD, Cornea and External Eye Disease Consultant at MakatiMed’s Department of Ophthalmology.

Dr. Sy adds that even properly prescribed, quality-controlled lenses carry serious risks when not used correctly. Wearing contact lenses may bring about complications such as corneal hypoxia or when the cornea doesn’t get enough oxygen; microbial keratitis or when bacteria, fungi, and amoebae colonize contact lenses and cause corneal infections that are difficult to  treat; corneal abrasions, which are often caused by an ill-fitting lens or improper handling; and chronic inflammation and dry eye. If these complications occur even among patients who received professional guidance and used regulated lenses, every one of these possible issues get amplified for cosmetic lens wearers.

The MakatiMed doctor points out that colored contact lenses are designed differently from the usual corrective ones, emphasizing that the tint on a lens adds another layer of risk for the users. “The colored pigment layer is thicker than a clear lens, which further reduces oxygen transmissibility to the cornea. And if obtained without a prescription, they are never fitted to the individual’s corneal curvature and diameter, which creates micro-trauma to the corneal surface,” says Dr. Sy.

The doctor expounds that many cosmetic contact lenses are sold through fashion stores, novelty shops, and online marketplaces with no regulatory oversight, giving users no way to verify the safety of thematerials, pigments, and manufacturing process. If the lenses are purchased without an eye health specialist, the user wouldn’t also receive hygiene and safety instructions which include safe wear duration and proper cleaning and information on the warning signs that require urgent medical attention.

“We have seen young, otherwise healthy patients develop corneal ulcers from cosmetic lenses purchased at a market stall. Some have required corneal transplantation. This is preventable blindness, and that is what makes these cases so heartbreaking,” warns Dr. Sy.

As a general rule, Dr. Sy urges all contact lens users to seek immediate medical attention if they experience eye pain or increasing discomfort; redness that persists after removing the lens; discharge, excessive tearing, or sensitivity to light; blurred or reduced vision; a persistent sensation of a foreign body in the eye; and any whitening or opacity on the cornea.

“Do not wait for symptoms to improve on their own. Corneal infections can progress from mild irritation to permanent vision loss within 24 to 48 hours,” reveals Dr. Sy. The MakatiMed doctor encourages everyone to first get guidance from an ophthalmologist or licensed optometrist when it comes to contact lens use, whether it’s for cosmetic or corrective purposes.

“Insist on a proper prescription specifying lens brand, base curve, and diameter suited to your individual corneal measurements, and purchase only from reputable, regulated sources. Never buy contact lenses from novelty stores, market stalls, or unverified online sellers,” Dr. Sy firmly states.

She continues, “Follow all professional instructions on insertion, removal, cleaning, storage, and replacement schedules exactly. Attend regular eye examinations so that any early signs of corneal damage can be detected and managed promptly.”

“No cosmetic trend is worth the permanent loss of vision. If you have questions about contact lens safety or are experiencing any eye symptoms, please seek professional care without delay,” Dr. Sy concludes.

For more information, please contact MakatiMed On-Call at +632.88888 999, emailmmc@makatimed.net.ph, or visit www.makatimed.net.ph. Follow @IamMakatiMed on Facebook andTwitter.

Why do more women get these four diseases?

 

Why do more women get these four diseases

Owing to her unique anatomy, hormones, family history, and lifestyle, a woman at some point in her life will undergo tests to rule out, confirm, or monitor diseases related to her gynecological and reproductive health: from cancers of the breast, cervix, and ovaries to polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, and urinary tract infection.

But such factors also make women more vulnerable to certain conditions that men can have too. For example, the natural changes a woman goes through following menopause—less production of estrogen, increased blood pressure and cholesterol levels—put her at risk for heart attack and stroke.

Sheryll Cornejo, MD, an internal medicine consultant of top hospital in the Philippines, Makati Medical Center (MakatiMed), identifies four other health conditions that affect more women than men, and what they can do to reduce their risks.

Osteoporosis, or the weakening of bones, is a result of decreased estrogen production from menopause, which contributes to bone loss. “Anatomically, women also have smaller, thinner bones than men, putting them at risk for fracture,” points out Dr. Cornejo.

Fortify your bones before they become brittle and break by maintaining a diet rich in calcium (dairy products, leafy green vegetables, and fish whose bones you can eat are excellent sources) and vitamin D (get it from early morning sun exposure). Also, engage regularly in strength-training and weight-bearing exercises, and avoid alcohol and smoking, which have a negative impact on bone health.

Thyroid cancer, or a malignant growth visible and palpable from the base of the neck, is more common among women in their reproductive years. Because thyroid tissue contains estrogen receptors, fluctuations in female hormones can sometimes promote the growth of these cells, which helps explain the gender gap. Other possible causes are a family history of cancer, faulty genes, radiation exposure, a lack of iodine in the diet, and obesity.

“While you cannot completely prevent sporadic thyroid cancer, keeping a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, limiting radiation exposure, and being aware of your family history can minimize your risks,” says Dr. Cornejo. “More importantly, performing regular neck self-examinations help you catch it early and begin treatment as soon as possible.” The prognosis for thyroid cancer among women is good and marked by high survival rates.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by pain, inflammation, and stiffness in the lining of the joints. Females are two to three times more prone to developing RA. Because women have two X chromosomes – which carry many immune-related genes – they naturally mount stronger immune responses, making them more vulnerable to autoimmune misfires. Furthermore, fluctuating estrogen levels, particularly the sudden drops following pregnancy or during menopause, can trigger the disorder. Others posit that it’s caused by a combination of genetics, smoking, obesity, and environmental factors.

Lifestyle changes, explains Dr. Cornejo, can help manage your risk and reduce severe flare-ups if you are genetically predisposed. “Consume a healthy diet of fruits, vegetables, and lean protein. Stick to your ideal weight and exercise regularly. Crucially, quit smoking – a major documented trigger for RA – and learn to manage stress.”

Alzheimer’s disease, or the degeneration of the brain due to the accumulation of plaque that destroys healthy brain cells, is diagnosed among more women than men, presumably because women live longer. However, people with the disease are more likely to have hypertension and diabetes, consume cigarettes and alcohol in excess, live a sedentary life, and have limited social interaction.

“Modifying these risk factors can delay, if not prevent, Alzheimer’s disease from developing,” says Dr. Cornejo. “Staying physically and mentally active as well as socializing with family and friends do wonders in keeping the brain stimulated, healthy, and happy.”

For more information, please contact MakatiMed On-Call at +632.88888 999, email mmc@makatimed.net.ph, or visit www.makatimed.net.ph. Follow @IamMakatiMed on Facebook and Twitter.

Flowers, so beautiful—and so deadly?

 

Knowing how to spot a potentially toxic, pathogenic, or allergenic flower or plant and avoiding it is the easiest way to prevent a bad or life-threatening reaction.

Whether you’re gifted with one or a dozen, flowers can’t help but put a smile on your face. Chalk it up to their stunning colors, their heady scent, or what they represent (is it friendship—or love?), flowers have the power to uplift flagging spirits and brighten up a plain room.

And yet, these beautiful, fragrant creations of nature can also be the death of you.

Toxins and fungus

“Certain flowers contain toxic substances, which they use to protect themselves against insects, plant- eating animals, and environmental stress,” explains Fatima Johanna T. Santos-Ocampo, MD, Pediatric Allergology  Immunology Specialist of top hospital in the Philippines, Makati Medical Center (MakatiMed). “Angel’s trumpet and azalea are highly poisonous and can cause illness or death if ingested. Poinsettia and daffodil can result in mild gastrointestinal issues, and poison ivy triggers itchy rashes upon contact.”

Like humans, plants can get sick too. Notice a white dust coating leaves, stems, and even flower petals? That’s powdery mildew, a fungal disease that makes leaves turn yellow then brown before falling off. Black spot, which, true to its name, appears as black markings on the leaves of roses, and gray mold obtains its host’s nutrients by coating it in thick gray fuzz.

“In general, we are not likely to get infected by a plant attacked by a pathogen or a microorganism that brings disease to its host,” says Dr. Santos-Ocampo. “Still, it’s best we avoid them, especially if we’re immunocompromised. Sporotrichosis, a fungus found on the thorns of dead roses, can affect the lungs, eyes, central nervous system, bones, and joints, when it enters the skin from a scratch. Mycotoxin, a type of fungi, produces aflatoxins, which can lead to vomiting, convulsions, cancer, and death.”

Pollen

Then there are flowers with pollen, a fine, powdery substance essential to the reproduction of plants. It’s also a known allergen. When inhaled, “our immune system thinks they are invading our body, much like a virus or bacteria. This leads to the release of histamine, which makes us itch, sniffle, and sneeze,” explains Dr. Santos-Ocampo. “Others experience more distressing symptoms like wheezing and shortness of breath.”

Flowers known to trigger an allergic reaction include baby’s breath, dahlia, daisy, chamomile,

chrysanthemum, and sunflower.

Treatment and prevention

Knowing how to spot a potentially toxic, pathogenic, or allergenic flower or plant and avoiding it is the easiest way to prevent a bad or life-threatening reaction, says the MakatiMed specialist. “If you notice leaves with telltale signs of a pathogen, pluck them out immediately so they don’t spread to the other leaves,” says Dr. Santos-Ocampo. “Put space between plants to promote good air circulation, and protect them with commercially available garden oils and fungicide sprays.”

As for flowers, play safe and choose from a host of pollen-free varieties or those whose pollen are sticky, heavy or trapped, hence not easily airborne. “Among these are roses, orchids, tulips, hydrangeas, peonies, carnations, irises, begonias, snapdragons, and cactus flowers, which are low in pollen. These are also very lovely to give and receive,” advises Dr. Santos-Ocampo.

“You can also keep allergic reactions at bay by purchasing fresh flowers, which are less likely to release pollen. Flowers with an overpowering fragrance may trigger sneezing because they have volatile organic compounds (VOC’s). In concentrated form, these may trigger coughing,  attack in sensitive individuals. It is safer to choose those with mild scents.”

Over-the-counter medications can ease your symptoms of pollen allergy. Ask your doctor to recommend antihistamines, decongestants, and eye drops for your particular case. “See a healthcare specialist immediately if the symptoms do not subside or progress,” says Dr. Santos-Ocampo.

For more information, please contact MakatiMed On-Call at +632.88888 999, email mmc@makatimed.net.ph, or visit www.makatimed.net.ph. Follow MakatiMed’s social media pages for more health-related content and for the latest updates: https://www.makatimed.net.ph/social-media- pages/

5 vaccines to get when you’re 50 and up

 

Vaccines like flu, RSV, Pneumococcal and Tdap not only protect the elderly; these also prevent the spread of contagious and bacterial infections

While vaccinations are usually associated with babies and children, adults need them just as much. This is especially true for those who are already in their golden years as their immune systems naturally weaken over time. That’s where vaccines come in to support their health.

“Vaccines were created to help you build resistance against illnesses that could land you in the hospital, render you disabled, or threaten your life,” says Ryan Raymond Y. Bautista, MD of top hospital in the Philippines, Makati Medical Center (MakatiMed). “As we grow older, our immune system weakens, whether due to age or diseases like cancer, autoimmune disorders, and HIV. Vaccinations not only protect us; they protect others too by preventing the spread of contagious viral and bacterial infections.”

MakatiMed recommends these five shots for those in their 50s and above.

Flu vaccine. While news of a fast spreading “super flu” at the beginning of the year had everyone scrambling to have themselves vaccinated, adults are encouraged to get their influenza shot annually, particularly between February and June, the months right before flu season, which in the Philippines happens from June to November. Constantly mutating viruses coupled with older adults’ declining immune system make the flu vaccine a necessity for seniors and the immunocompromised.

Marked by a high fever, chills, aching bones, a sore throat, and runny nose, influenza is transmitted through respiratory droplets (when one coughs, sneezes, or talks) and by touching contaminated surfaces then touching the eyes, nose, or mouth. “Though you can expect to get better in about a week, the flu can progress to pneumonia, bronchitis, and the worsening of pre-existing conditions like asthma and heart disease,” reminds Dr. Bautista.

RSV vaccine. If respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is often mistaken for the common cold, that’s because they share similar symptoms—runny nose or nasal congestion and persistent cough. The difference lies in RSV’s two telltale signs: rapid or difficulty breathing (note how the chest pulls inward with every breath and how a patient finds comfort in sitting rather than lying down) and wheezing. Complications include pneumonia, asthma, and middle ear infections. 

“The RSV vaccine is available locally through hospitals and private clinics,” reveals Dr. Bautista. “Because it’s not considered an annual vaccine, at-risk adults aged 50-74 years old and the elderly aged 75 and up can do with a single dose.”

Pneumococcal vaccine. Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria does not only cause pneumonia; it can lead to other fatal diseases like meningitis and sepsis. To protect yourself, get two types of pneumococcal vaccines: Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines (or PCVs, which include PCV13, PCV15, and PCV20) and Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (or PPSV23, which prevents you from getting 23 types of pneumococcal bacteria). “The pneumococcal vaccine is recommended for adults aged 50 years old and above,” says Dr. Bautista.

“I advise those who are immunocompromised to receive shots for these vaccines, and those aged 65 and up who are in relatively good health to get one dose of PVC20, or one dose of PCV15 followed by one dose of PPSV23.”

Shingles vaccine. The risk of getting shingles increases with age, but overcoming its trademark burning, pus-filled rashes on the torso or face doesn’t guarantee permanent immunity. Though rare, a second bout of shingles is possible.

“Given in two doses, the shingles vaccine protects you from the varicella-zoster virus by nearly 100 percent, and by about 85 percent four years after your shots,” explains Dr. Bautista. “In case you get shingles again despite the vaccines, expect to experience less severe symptoms.”

Tdap vaccine. Short for Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (or whooping cough), Tdap is a booster shot first administered to kids from ages 7 to 18, then every 10 years to adults.

All three are serious diseases. Tetanus, which affects the nervous system, comes from a bacteria found in soil, dirt, and animal manure. Once in the respiratory system, the bacteria of diphtheria make breathing and swallowing a challenge and destroy the heart, kidneys, and nerves. And the bacteria of pertussis triggers coughing that pose a serious health threat to the elderly.

“The Tdap vaccine can protect you against tetanus and diphtheria by 95 percent, and pertussis by 70 percent,” says Dr. Bautista. “Best of all, it is convenient. You do not need to have the shot annually, just every decade after one shot.”

For more information, please contact MakatiMed On-Call at +632.88888 999, email mmc@makatimed.net.ph, or visit www.makatimed.net.ph. Follow MakatiMed’s social media pages for more health-related content and for the latest updates: https://www.makatimed.net.ph/social-media- pages/

Are you being love bombed?

 

MakatiMed reminds us that being in a good relationship should feel light and secure.

If you’ve ever been catfished, breadcrumbed, benched, and pocketed in your quest to find The One, meeting a potential partner who likes to lavish you with gifts and praises, send sweet texts or calls “just because,” and boldly declare you a soulmate to the world even if you’ve just known each other for weeks sounds like a keeper, right?

Not so fast, warns Carmina Charmaine G. Bernardo, MD of top hospital in the Philippines, Makati Medical Center (MakatiMed). While they might be doing all the right moves to make you feel attractive, needed, and special, that too-good-to-be-true Prince or Princess Charming could actually be exhibiting signs of love bombing, a manipulative form of dating to gain the upper hand in a relationship.

“Love bombing involves showering a potential love interest with presents, romantic gestures, flattering words, and undivided attention—acts guaranteed to sweep you off your feet in the heady days of courtship,” says Dr. Bernardo. “The goal of the love bomber isn’t love per se, but to have control over you so that you develop an emotional attachment towards them.”

Whether they’re aware of it or not, a love bomber acts out of narcissism, stemming likely from past traumas. But it’s just a façade to what they’re really feeling. “As arrogant or entitled as they appear, love bombers are very insecure,” explains Dr. Bernardo. “They have a fear of being undesired.”

As such, people who have no regard for anybody’s feelings but their own will eventually behave in the most unloving ways. They may suddenly withdraw their affection so you blame yourself, or make you feel guilty when your “me time” doesn’t include them. Love bombers are also into gaslighting, twisting conversations in such a way that you question your sanity. The worst ones will resort to physical abuse, then beg for forgiveness and promise to change, only to repeat the cycle.

Is it love—or love bombing? How to tell a love bomber from someone who loves sincerely? Be observant. “Everybody goes all out at the ‘getting to know you’ stage of dating,” says Dr. Bernardo. “But I’d like to believe that you’ll eventually figure out the frogs from the princes. Listen to your gut. Being in a good relationship feels light yet secure, happy, trusting, and respectful.”

Whether you’re dating a potential love bomber or the real Mr. or Miss Right, it’s important not to lose yourself in any relationship. “That way, it will be easy to leave a toxic, abusive partner. Before you love someone else, you have to love yourself first and more,” points out Dr. Bernardo.

Spend time apart. In a fresh romance, couples act as if they’re joined at the hip. “As in love as you are, remember: You had a life before this relationship,” says Dr. Bernardo. “Don’t neglect your family and friends. Be present in lunches and dinners at home, catch up with the gang on weekends, and please, don’t hog conversations with stories about your new boyfriend or girlfriend. I’m sure everybody’s happy for you, but if that’s all you’re going to talk about, you’ll slowly turn people off.”

Pursue your passions. “Points to you for keeping an open mind and trying to make your partner’s hobbies your own. But maintain personal interests too,” advises Dr. Bernardo. “In a mall, for instance, agree to hang out in your respective domains: He at the sports shops and you in a bookstore. Then meet up for coffee and talk about what you did and discovered.”

Speak up. There’s a tendency to agree with everything your new partner says. Perhaps you think it’s smart or cute, or you’re afraid to offend them. A loving partner will allow you to express yourself freely. “If you need time alone, if you want to eat elsewhere, if you think things are going too fast, then stand your ground and speak up in a respectful manner,” says Dr. Bernardo. “Your thoughts and feelings are valid too, and if your partner values you, they’ll listen and hopefully yield.”

Have a life. “People like to credit their Significant Other for completing them, when in truth, it’s you who completes you,” underlines Dr. Bernardo. “When you accept and are at peace with yourself, thrive in a fulfilling career, enjoy the support of family and friends, and have personal goals to look forward to, a loving partner is icing on the cake.”

For more information, please contact MakatiMed On-Call at +632.88888 999, email mmc@makatimed.net.ph, or visit www.makatimed.net.ph. Follow @IamMakatiMed on Facebook and Twitter.

Do not let these injuries ruin your reign on the tennis court

 

Being highly physical with repetitive motions, sudden starts and stops, tennis can plague one with injuries

Alex Eala, the Filipina ace has been unstoppable, climbing up the world rankings and defeating top-ranked WTA players Jasmine Paolini, Madison Keys, and even former women’s number one Iga Świątek along the way. The tennis star has also recently collected gold and bronze medals for Team Philippines in the women's singles and women's doubles and mixed doubles categories of the 2025 Southeast Asian Games.

With her powerful ground strokes and pretty, put-together look on court, Eala is an inspiration to girls dreaming of taking their love for tennis from watching from the stands to playing on center court.

She certainly makes it look easy—at least from what we see on our TV screens. In truth, “tennis is one of the most difficult games to master,” says Carlo Angelo V. Borbon, MD, Sports Medicine Specialist and Orthopedic Surgeon of top hospital in the Philippines, Makati Medical Center (MakatiMed). “It is a highly physical, full-body sport that demands not only speed but agility to run forward, backward, laterally, and diagonally for hours on end. Hand-eye coordination to hit a moving ball with a racquet is a must, as well as the strength to receive the impact of a ball hurtling towards you at an estimated 70-90 mph.”

Whether you choose to play competitively or on a recreational level, you’ll reap the rewards of the sport. Tennis is good for your cardiovascular health; it lowers blood pressure and keeps the heart strong. It makes you lean and fit while toning muscles in your arms, back, shoulders, core, and legs. It fortifies bone density and improves your self-esteem.

But its repetitive motions and sudden starts and stops can also plague you with these common injuries that have sidelined even the world’s best players.

Tennis elbow is chronic pain (either an ache or burning sensation) and weakness on the outer side of the elbow due to overuse of the muscles and tendon in the forearm. Dr. Borbon advises resting the arm for a few weeks. “Once you feel better, ask a physical therapist or sports doctor to recommend exercises that will strengthen your arm, so you avoid re-injury.”

Wrist Injury has forced Rafael Nadal, Kei Nishikori, Nick Kyrios, and other top seeds to skip major tournaments. The injuries range from microscopic tears in the wrist tendon to a sprained wrist and a pinched nerve—all of which result in soreness, swelling, and weakness of the hand. Overuse again is the culprit, but this injury can also happen when you play with a new racquet and change your grip. Dr. Borbon notes, “Wearing a wrist brace for support may help with the pain.” Investing in a more suitable racquet and modifying your grip can lessen the chance of recurrence.

Knee injuries range from wearing down or spraining the meniscus or cartilage on your knee, to the tearing of the anterior cruciate ligament, and the inflammation of the patellar tendon, the tendon that connects your kneecap to your shin. “Tennis involves a lot of sprints, pivots, jumps, and sudden starts and stops,” explains Dr. Borbon. “Our knees bear the brunt of these high-impact moves. I would suggest wearing shoes designed specifically for tennis because they are built with adequate cushioning and foot support. You can also consider playing in shell or clay courts, which are more forgiving on the hips, knees, and feet than hard courts.”

For tennis elbow and wrist and knee injuries, icing the sore spot, taking pain relievers, and dialing back on your playing can help with the recovery. But if the pain persists, it is best to consult a doctor before hitting the court again.

Rotator cuff injury is what you get after executing endless forehands, backhands, and serves. “These repetitive motions stretch and tear muscles and tendons in the shoulder. causing pain and weakness,” Dr. Borbon points out. Apply the same treatment and preventive measures to strengthen your shoulder and keep it injury-free.

Back injuries, particularly in the lower back, stem from the sport’s serve: the hyperextended back during the ball toss followed by the twist of the torso and forward bend as you smash the ball with your racquet to your opponent’s side. According to Dr. Borbon, “Over time, this could lead to chronic back pain and even stress fractures that take months to heal. A tennis coach can polish your serve style to ease pressure off your back.”

While injury is inevitable in any sport, the trick is to avoid it for as long as you can. “When it comes to tennis, do not do too much too soon. Warm up before you start playing and cool down when the game is over. Invest in a good pair of tennis shoes and racquet. Alternate tennis with strength-training to develop your shoulder, arm, core, and leg muscles. And get adequate rest,” Dr. Borbon recommends.

Surgery can address injuries that no longer respond to conservative treatment—but why go there? “Not only are they expensive but recovery takes time,” says Dr. Borbon. “In the first sign of injury, scale back and treat immediately. That way you’ll enjoy many years in the sport.”

For more information, please contact MakatiMed On-Call at +632.88888 999, email mmc@makatimed.net.ph, or visit www.makatimed.net.ph. Follow @IamMakatiMed on Facebook and Twitter.

Get a handle on your love handles

 

Age, genetics, body composition, and hormonal changes can all contribute to having love handles.

What’s there to love about love handles? Nothing, say those cursed with excess fat spilling out from their waistband. Not only do they look absolutely unflattering in a crop top, two-piece swimsuit, or form-fitting dress, but having your Significant Other playfully pinch at your sagging sides during a sweet moment is downright embarrassing.

Why does fat settle there in the first place? Juancho Alfredo D. Las, MD from top hospital in the Philippines, Makati Medical Center (MakatiMed) attributes love handles (aka “muffin top” and “spare tire”) to a number of factors.

“Fat develops when you accumulate more calories than you burn or use as energy,” explains Dr. Las. “The more fat cells you have, the more visible they are on your body. Age, genetics, body composition, and hormonal changes determine where fat settles, but the most common areas are the upper back, arms, stomach, buttocks, thighs, and abdomen.”

While excess fat is considered unhealthy, belly fat is particularly concerning because of its implications to your health. 

“When we talk about abdominal fat, there’s subcutaneous fat, or the fat directly under the skin that you can pinch, then there’s visceral fat, or fat that surrounds the heart, liver, and kidneys,” says Dr. Las. “A certain amount of visceral fat is normal, but too much increases your risk for developing heart disease, stroke, type II diabetes, hypertension, and certain cancers.” 

Before you get into plank position or start doing crunches, here’s what fitness experts have to say about it: Spot-exercising doesn’t work. In reality, the body burns fat evenly all over, not just in specific areas. 

Instead, adopt these time-tested, doctor-approved recommendations that not only reduce love handles, but prove beneficial to your overall health and wellbeing. 

Favor whole foods. If you live off a diet of ultra-processed foods, you’re not just setting yourself up for that dreaded spare tire on your waist; you’ll likely develop high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and high cholesterol from food that’s notoriously loaded with sodium, fat, and empty calories. Dr. Las recommends sticking to natural, minimally processed foods like protein-rich chicken and fish; high-fiber leafy green veggies, fruits, oatmeal, and beans; and avocado and nuts for their good fats. For whole grains, pick red or brown rice, but if you prefer white, skip that extra serving! Wash them all down with water, still the healthiest beverage there is.

Move more. Even if you sit before a computer all day, you can still squeeze in ways to be active. “Use the stairs instead of an elevator or escalator. Walk short distances instead of commute. Take walking breaks after sitting for 30-60 minutes at your desk. Enlist the company of a colleague to walk, run, play a sport, or sign up at the gym with you after work so you can motivate each other to stay the course,” suggests Dr. Las. Yes, cardio workouts burn fat, but don’t discount strength-training too. Exercising with weights or resistance bands has been known to burn calories long after your workout is over. 

Tweak your lifestyle. Managing stress reduces the body’s production of cortisol, the hormone that stores fat in the tummy and triggers cravings for sweet and salty food. Sleeping for the recommended 7-8 hours a night also controls cortisol’s release and doesn’t disrupt the appetite hormones leptin (which makes you feel full) and ghrelin (aka the hungry hormone). Nicotine likewise messes with these hormones, so quit smoking immediately.  

“Alcohol—especially if you consume a lot in one sitting—contains a lot of calories,” says Dr. Las. “When you take in a lot of alcohol, your liver prioritizes processing it instead of burning fat and carbohydrates. This leads to fat settling in the midsection.” 

Quips Dr. Las, “Now you know why it’s called beer belly.” 

For more information, please contact MakatiMed On-Call at +632.88888 999, email mmc@makatimed.net.ph, or visit www.makatimed.net.ph.  Follow @IamMakatiMed on Facebook and Twitter.